{
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://scienceverse.org/schema/paper.json",
  "title": "Bibr Paper",
  "description": "A research paper, as processed by bibr (v10.0)",
  "type": "object",
  "properties": {
    "paper_id": {
      "description": "A unique ID for each paper (user-supplied > file_name)",
      "type": ["string", "null"]
    },
    "info": {
      "$ref": "#/$defs/info"
    },
    "author": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/author" },
      "uniqueItems": true
    },
    "text": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/text" },
      "uniqueItems": true
    },
    "section": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/section" },
      "uniqueItems": true
    },
    "url": {
      "description": "Hyperlinks found in the paper text",
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/url" },
      "uniqueItems": true
    },
    "bib": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/bib" },
      "uniqueItems": true
    },
    "xref": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/xref" },
      "uniqueItems": true
    },
    "figure": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/figure" },
      "uniqueItems": true
    },
    "table": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/table" },
      "uniqueItems": true
    },
    "eq": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/eq" }
    },
    "bib_match": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/bib_match" },
      "uniqueItems": true
    }
  },

  "required": [
    "paper_id",
    "info",
    "author",
    "text",
    "section",
    "url",
    "bib",
    "xref",
    "figure",
    "table",
    "eq"
  ],

  "additionalProperties": false,

  "$defs": {
    "info": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": [
        "title",
        "keywords",
        "doi",
        "file_hash",
        "input_format",
        "file_name",
        "bibr_version"
      ],
      "properties": {
        "title": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "keywords": {
          "type": "array",
          "items": { "type": "string" }
        },
        "doi": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "pattern": "^10\\.\\d{4,9}/\\S+$"
        },
        "file_hash": {
          "type": "string",
          "pattern": "^[a-f0-9]{14}$"
        },
        "input_format": {
          "type": "string",
          "enum": [
            "pdf",
            "docx",
            "unknown"
          ]
        },
        "file_name": { "type": "string" },
        "bibr_version": { "type": "string" },
        "paper_type": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "enum": [
            "empirical",
            "review",
            "commentary",
            "meta-analysis",
            "case-study",
            "unknown",
            null
          ]
        },
        "paper_type_confidence": {
          "type": ["number", "null"],
          "minimum": 0,
          "maximum": 1
        },
        "oecd_l1": {
          "description": "OECD Research Area, Level 1",
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "enum": [
            "Natural Sciences",
            "Engineering and Technology",
            "Medical and Health Sciences",
            "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences",
            "Social Sciences",
            "Humanities and the Arts",
            null
          ]
        },
        "oecd_l2": {
          "description": "OECD Research Area, Level 2",
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "enum": [
            "Mathematics",
            "Computer and Information Sciences",
            "Physical Sciences",
            "Chemical Sciences",
            "Earth and Related Environmental Sciences",
            "Biological Sciences",
            "Civil Engineering",
            "Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering",
            "Mechanical Engineering",
            "Chemical Engineering",
            "Materials Engineering",
            "Medical Engineering",
            "Environmental Engineering",
            "Environmental Biotechnology",
            "Industrial Biotechnology",
            "Nano-technology",
            "Basic Medicine",
            "Clinical Medicine",
            "Health Sciences",
            "Medical Biotechnology",
            "Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries",
            "Animal and Dairy Science",
            "Veterinary Science",
            "Agricultural Biotechnology",
            "Psychology and Cognitive Sciences",
            "Economics and Business",
            "Education",
            "Sociology",
            "Law",
            "Political Science",
            "Social and Economic Geography",
            "Media and Communications",
            "History and Archaeology",
            "Languages and Literature",
            "Philosophy, Ethics and Religion",
            "Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)",
            null
          ]
        },
        "oecd_confidence": {
          "type": ["number", "null"],
          "minimum": 0,
          "maximum": 1
        }
      }
    },

    "author": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": [
        "author_id",
        "given",
        "family"
      ],
      "properties": {
        "author_id": {
          "type": "integer"
        },
        "given": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "family": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "affiliation": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "email": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "format": "email"
        },
        "corresponding": { "type": "boolean" },
        "orcid": {
          "description": "ORCID in canonical URI form: https://orcid.org/XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX",
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "pattern": "^https://orcid\\.org/\\d{4}-\\d{4}-\\d{4}-\\d{3}[\\dX]$"
        },
        "role": {
          "type": "array",
          "items": { "type": "string" }
        }
      }
    },

    "text": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": ["text_id", "section_id", "paragraph_id", "text"],
      "properties": {
        "text_id": { "type": "integer" },
        "section_id": {
          "description": "References the section table; null when sentence belongs to root (pre-first-heading)",
          "type": ["integer", "null"]
        },
        "paragraph_id": { "type": "integer" },
        "text": { "type": "string" },
        "formatted": {
          "description": "Original OCR representation for display formulas (e.g. LaTeX); null for regular text",
          "type": ["string", "null"]
        },
        "page_number": {
          "type": ["integer", "null"],
          "description": "The page number of the original document where the sentence starts (1-based)"
        }
      }
    },

    "section": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": ["section_id", "header", "parent_section_id", "section_type"],
      "properties": {
        "section_id": {
          "type": "integer",
          "description": "1-based unique section ID (section_id=0 is Root sentinel, excluded from export)"
        },
        "header": { "type": "string" },
        "parent_section_id": {
          "description": "ID of the containing section; null for top-level sections",
          "type": ["integer", "null"]
        },
        "section_type": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "enum": [
            "abstract",
            "intro",
            "method",
            "results",
            "discussion",
            "references",
            "acknowledgment",
            "funding",
            "endnote",
            "footnote",
            "table",
            "figure",
            "unknown",
            null
          ]
        },
        "classification_score": {
          "type": ["number", "null"],
          "minimum": 0,
          "maximum": 1
        }
      }
    },

    "url": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": ["href", "text_id"],
      "properties": {
        "href": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "uri"
        },
        "link_text": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "text_id": { "type": "integer" }
      }
    },

    "bib_author": {
      "description": "Lightweight author representation for bibliography entries",
      "type": "object",
      "required": ["given", "family"],
      "properties": {
        "given": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "family": { "type": ["string", "null"] }
      },
      "additionalProperties": false
    },

    "bib": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": ["bib_id", "text_id"],
      "properties": {
        "bib_id": {
          "type": "integer",
          "description": "1-based positional ID within the paper"
        },
        "text_id": {
          "type": ["integer", "null"],
          "description": "The text table ID of the reference as written in the paper"
        },
        "bib_type": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "enum": [
            "journal_article",
            "book",
            "book_chapter",
            "dataset",
            "software",
            "preprint",
            "conference_paper",
            "report",
            "other",
            null
          ]
        },
        "doi": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "pattern": "^10\\.\\d{4,9}/\\S+$"
        },
        "title": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "authors": {
          "description": "Author names as they appear in the reference string",
          "type": ["string", "null"]
        },
        "editors": {
          "description": "Editor names as they appear in the reference string",
          "type": ["string", "null"]
        },
        "publisher": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "year": { "type": ["integer", "null"] },
        "year_suffix": {
          "description": "Disambiguator for same-author-year citations, e.g. 'a' in DeBruine (2005a)",
          "type": ["string", "null"]
        },
        "date": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "format": "date"
        },
        "container": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "description": "Journal or book title"
        },
        "volume": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "issue": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "first_page": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "last_page": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "edition": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "version": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "url": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "format": "uri"
        }
      }
    },

    "bib_match": {
      "description": "Enrichment data from an external service for a bibliography entry",
      "type": ["object", "null"],
      "required": ["bib_id", "service"],
      "properties": {
        "service": {
          "type": ["string"],
          "enum": [
            "crossref",
            "openalex",
            "datacite",
            "doi.org",
            "openlibrary",
            "manual",
            "other"
          ]
        },
        "bib_id": {
          "description": "Reference to the bib_id from the bib table",
          "type": ["integer"]
        },
        "service_id": {
          "description": "External identifier (DOI, OpenAlex ID, etc.)",
          "type": ["string", "null"]
        },
        "score": {
          "description": "Match confidence score",
          "type": ["number", "null"]
        },
        "bib_type": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "doi": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "pattern": "^10\\.\\d{4,9}/\\S+$"
        },
        "title": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "authors": {
          "description": "Structured author list",
          "type": ["array", "null"],
          "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/bib_author" }
        },
        "editors": {
          "description": "Structured editor list",
          "type": ["array", "null"],
          "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/bib_author" }
        },
        "publisher": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "year": { "type": ["integer", "null"] },
        "date": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "format": "date"
        },
        "container": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "description": "Journal or book title"
        },
        "volume": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "issue": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "first_page": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "last_page": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "edition": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "version": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "url": {
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "format": "uri"
        }
      }
    },

    "xref": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": ["xref_id", "xref_type", "contents", "text_id"],
      "properties": {
        "xref_id": {
          "type": ["integer", "null"],
          "description": "The ID from the bib, table, figure, or section table (for footnotes). Can be null if an xref does not match any bib/table/figure/footnote."
        },
        "xref_type": {
          "type": "string",
          "enum": [
            "bib",
            "table",
            "figure",
            "foot",
            "supplementary",
            "equation",
            "section"
          ]
        },
        "contents": { "type": ["string", "null"] },
        "text_id": {
          "type": "integer",
          "description": "The ID from the text table for the sentence containing the cross-reference"
        }
      }
    },

    "figure": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": ["figure_id", "section_id"],
      "properties": {
        "figure_id": {
          "description": "A unique ID for each figure (1-based)",
          "type": "integer"
        },
        "section_id": {
          "description": "The ID from the section table for this figure's caption section",
          "type": ["integer", "null"]
        },
        "image": {
          "description": "Base64-encoded JPEG of the cropped figure region",
          "type": ["string", "null"],
          "contentEncoding": "base64"
        },
        "page_number": {
          "type": ["integer", "null"],
          "description": "Source page (1-based)"
        }
      }
    },

    "table": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": ["table_id", "section_id"],
      "properties": {
        "table_id": {
          "description": "A unique ID for each table (1-based)",
          "type": "integer"
        },
        "section_id": {
          "description": "The ID from the section table for this table's caption section",
          "type": ["integer", "null"]
        },
        "html": {
          "description": "The table contents as HTML",
          "type": ["string", "null"]
        },
        "contents": {
          "description": "The table contents as tabular data: [headers_row, ...data_rows], all values stringified",
          "type": "array",
          "items": {
            "type": "array",
            "items": { "type": "string" }
          }
        },
        "page_number": {
          "type": ["integer", "null"],
          "description": "Source page (1-based)"
        }
      }
    },

    "eq": {
      "type": "object",
      "required": ["text_id", "grp_id", "lhs", "comp", "rhs"],
      "properties": {
        "text_id": {
          "description": "ID from the text table for the source sentence",
          "type": "integer"
        },
        "grp_id": {
          "description": "Globally unique group ID (1-based); groups related equations within a sentence or table",
          "type": "integer"
        },
        "lhs": {
          "description": "Left-hand side of the equation",
          "type": "string"
        },
        "comp": {
          "description": "Comparator symbol(s)",
          "type": "string"
        },
        "rhs": {
          "description": "Right-hand side of the equation",
          "type": "string"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}